Comparative study of toxic effects of anatase and rutile ...
Two types of nanosized titanium dioxide, anatase (anTiO2) and rutile (rnTiO2), are widely used in industry, commercial products and biosystems. TiO2 has been evaluated as a Group 2B carcinogen. Previous reports indicated that anTiO2 is less toxic than rnTiO2, however, under ultraviolet irradiation a …
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Frontiers | Anatase-Wrapped Rutile Nanorods as an ...
The anatase wrapping of the rutile nanorod scaffold is found to be crucial for effective photoanode operation in visible light-driven (λ >420 nm) oxygen evolution, yielding a significant enhancement of photocurrent (by the factor of ~3.7 at 1.23 V vs. RHE) and Faradaic efficiency of oxygen evolution (by the factor of ~2) as compared to ...
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Oral administration of rutile and anatase TiO 2 ...
Rutile NPs had a more pronounced influence on the gut microbiota than anatase NPs. The most influenced phylum was Proteobacteria, which was significantly increased by rutile but not by anatase. At the genus level, Prevotella was significantly decreased by both the TiO2 NPs, Rhodococcus was enriched by rutile NPs, and Bacteroides was increased ...
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Assessment of the Influence of Crystalline Form on Cyto ...
Ghosh et al. found that, in a human bronchial epithelial cell line exposed to different crystal phases of nano-TiO 2, anatase form was more cytotoxic compared to the rutile and anatase-rutile mixture. Genotoxicity measured by comet assay also revealed higher toxicity of the anatase form, whereas the micronucleus assay did not reveal any ...
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Scientists encourage 'safer' rutile form of TiO2 in cosmetics
Anatase, the other commonly used form, however, was difficult to wash off and damaged the outermost layer of skin, even in low ultraviolet light. Turci says it does this via "free radicals," which are associated with skin ageing. These findings ultimate led to the scientists encouraging the rutile form of TiO2 when formulating skin care products.
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Titanium(IV) oxide, rutile ≥99.98% trace metals basis ...
Three human cell types respond to multi-walled carbon nanotubes and titanium dioxide nanobelts with cell-specific transcriptomic and proteomic expression patterns. Susan C Tilton et al. Nanotoxicology, 8(5), 533-548 ()
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Effects of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Exposure on ...
Mixture of anatase and rutile: 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40 g/cm 2: 24, 48, 72 and 96 h: Toxic effect on glial cells by inducing their apoptosis : Human brain lines SH-SY5Y and D384: Anatase TiO 2: 1.5–250 μg/ml 0.05–31 μg/ml: 4–24–48 h, 7–10 days. Mitochondrial brain lesions, membrane damage in the brain cells : …
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Differences Between Rutile and Anatase Titanium Dioxide ...
Differences Between Rutile and Anatase Titanium Dioxide Rutile vs Anatase Titanium Dioxide Within the depths of the Earth, several minerals have been discovered. Scientists and chemists continue to explore the vast dimensions of our world to find something useful and beneficial to humanity. One of the discovered minerals is titanium dioxide.
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Effects of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Exposure on ...
It occurs in three different variants: as rutile, anatase and, more rarely, brookite [2, 3] (Fig. 1) . With regard to its increased photocatalytic activity [3, 5], anatase in comparison to rutile and brookite has a higher number of industrial applications; however, it is the most toxic form .
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Ultrafine titanium dioxide particles in the absence of ...
Induction of oxidative DNA damage by either the anatase or rutile forms alone in comparison to an anatase–rutile mixture. Cells embedded in gel on slides were treated for 1 h in total darkness with 20 μl of 10 μg/ml anatase-sized (200 nm) particles, or 20 μl of 10 μg/ml rutile-sized (200 nm) particles, or with a mixture of 10 μl each.
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Suppression of Anatase to Rutile Phase Transformation of ...
Anatase to rutile transformation usually result in significant grain growth [Iida and Ozaki, 1961; Zhang and Reller, 2002], while thermal gradient enhances surface nucleation of rutile phase. However, anatsae to rutile phase transformation can be impeded (or enhanced) by manipulating the arrangement of the atoms in the anatase or rutile ...
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Effect of Anatase/Rutile Phase Ratio on the ...
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is known as one of the widely used catalysts in photocatalysis process. Recently, the photocatalysis of TiO2 has been implied in water purification and treatment, particularly dyes and organic compounds degradations. Naturally, the TiO2 can be found in three phases including anatase, rutile and brookite; each phase has its own specific properties such as grain size ...
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Checking the Synergetic Effect between Anatase and Rutile ...
To check the synergetic effect between anatase and rutile, a series of anatase–rutile-coupled TiO2 photocatalysts were prepared by calcination of the physical mixtures of amorphous TiO2 and rutile. These catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy.
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Factors Conditioning the Potential Effects TiO2 NPs ...
As follows from research, among the TiO 2 NPs, the anatase TiO 2 forms are more toxic towards bacteria than rutile NPs as they cause greater oxidative stress [32, 33]. As reported by Kim et.al [ 34 ], mobile (•) OH is generated in anatase; hence, photocatalytic oxidation therein is easier compared to rutile which can only adsorb a substrate.
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Critical Review of Public Health Regulations of Titanium ...
Therefore, rutile and anatase are the only important crystal structures of TiO 2 used in commercial products (DuPont 2007). The refractive index is 2.56 and 2.49 for anatase and 2.60 to 2.61 and 2.89 to 2.90 for rutile (Phillips and Griffen 1981). Anatase is a much more active UV catalyst then rutile.
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Role of the crystalline form of titanium dioxide ...
However, anatase was not cytotoxic in human intestinal cells (De Angelis et al., 2013), as well as in nasal mucosa cells (Hackenberg et al., 2010) and in lymphocytes (Hackenberg et al., 2011). Analogously, no conclusive results on the genotoxic potential exerted in vitro by anatase and rutile NPs have been
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Highly active WO3@anatase-SiO2 aerogel for solar-light ...
XRD analysis indicated the TiO 2 synthesized in this study was primary rutile, which had lower E g (∼3.1 eV) than anatase (3.2 eV). In addition, the photocatalytic activity of rutile is much lower than that of anatase due to its shorter lifetime of photoexcited electron–hole pairs (Zhang et al., 2014).
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Formation of rutile nuclei at anatase {112} twin ...
In nanocrystalline anatase coarsened under hydrothermal conditions (250 °C, P(sat)), the anatase-to-rutile phase transformation is nucleated at anatase {112} twin boundaries formed by oriented attachment. The anatase twin boundary is constructed from structural elements common to rutile.
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Crystalline phase regulation of anatase–rutile TiO2 for ...
anatase and rutile crystalline phases. The content of rutile phase was calculated by eqn (3): WR ¼ IR 0:886IA þIR (3) where W R is the mass fraction of rutile crystalline phase, I A and I R are the diffraction peak intensity of anatase phase 2q ¼ 25.2 and rutile phase 2q ¼ 27.4 .26 Fig. 2 depicts the in uence of H 2O 2 volume on the contents
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What is the story behind the use of anatase TiO2?
However, the combination of anatase and rutile lead to a synergetic effect between two phases that improves the photoactivity of TiO2. The different behaviour of anatase and rutile …
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Oral administration of rutile and anatase TiO2 ...
Rutile NPs had a more pronounced influence on the gut microbiota than anatase NPs. The most influenced phylum was Proteobacteria, which was significantly increased by rutile but not by anatase. At the genus level, Prevotella was significantly decreased by both the TiO 2 NPs, Rhodococcus was enriched by rutile NPs, and Bacteroides was increased ...
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Review of the anatase to rutile phase transformation
the anatase to rutile transformation, and the principles of controlling phase composition through the inhibition or promotion of the transformation of anatase to rutile. Titania polymorphs Titanium dioxide, the only naturally occurring oxide of titanium at atmospheric pressure, exhibits three poly-morphs: rutile, anatase, and brookite [1–7].
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Distinctive Toxicity of TiO2 Rutile/Anatase Mixed Phase ...
Only anatase-rutile containing samples, in contrast to the pure anatase samples, induced significant LDH leakage or mild DNA damage (Fpg-comet assay). Evaluation of the metabolic competence of the cells (WST-1 assay) revealed a highly significant correlation between the SSA of the anatase samples and cytotoxicity.
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Titanium Dioxide Pigment(Rutile & Anatase Grade) - Chemate
Titanium dioxide pigment is a kind of white powdery inorganic pigment, which mainly contains two crystalline forms rutile Ti02(R-type) and anatase Tio2(A-type). Depends on its characteristics of the best opacity, whiteness and brightness, high refractive index and covering power, it is widely used as a colourant in a wide array of industrial fields, such as, paint and coatings, plastics, paper ...
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The effect of anatase and rutile crystallites isolated ...
The experiments were performed on commercial titania P25 possessing one of the highest photocatalytic activity among other titanias for various reactions systems .P25 is composed of two polymorphic forms of titania, i.e., anatase and rutile, and non-crystalline (NC) part in the amount of 73–85%, 14–17% and 0–13%, respectively .In this regard, it is impossible to judge which part of P25 ...
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Toxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles to cladocerans, algae ...
With the rapid development of nanotechnology, there is an increasing risk of human and environmental exposure to nanotechnology-based materials. However, the data on the potential environmental effects of nanoparticles are scarce. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of particle size and crystal structure (anatase and rutile) of ...
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Construction of the Rutile/Anatase Micro-Heterophase ...
Especially, the RQ-TiO 2 sample shows a stronger electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signal of Ti 3+ than the pristine anatase, rutile TiO 2, and SN-TiO 2, implying the formation of Ti 3+ ions at the interface between anatase and rutile components. This results in moving down the Fermi level of the rutile phase by 330 meV.
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Anatase - Wikipedia
Anatase is a metastable mineral form of titanium dioxide (TiO 2).The mineral in natural forms is mostly encountered as a black solid, although the pure material is colorless or white. Two other naturally occurring mineral forms of TiO 2 are known, brookite and rutile.. Anatase is always found as small, isolated and sharply developed crystals, and like the thermodynamically stable rutile (the ...
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Role of the crystalline form of titanium dioxide ...
However, anatase was not cytotoxic in human intestinal cells (De Angelis et al., 2013), as well as in nasal mucosa cells (Hackenberg et al., 2010) and in lymphocytes (Hackenberg et al., 2011). Analogously, no conclusive results on the genotoxic potential exerted in vitro by anatase and rutile …
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Critical review of public health regulations of titanium ...
Therefore, rutile and anatase are the only important crystal structures of TiO 2 used in commercial products (DuPont 2007). The refractive index is 2.56 and 2.49 for anatase and 2.60 to 2.61 and 2.89 to 2.90 for rutile (Phillips and Griffen 1981). Anatase is a much more active UV catalyst then rutile.
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Evaluation of arsenic sorption performance using dendritic ...
Two synthetic nano-TiO2-based materials, aggregated dendritic anatase nano-TiO2 and polycrystalline rutile nano-TiO2 attached to the surface of SiO2, were analyzed and compared for geo-environmental engineering applications. Characterization of crystal structure, purity, and morphologic, microscopic features of the materials were examined by X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, …
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Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of ...
The melting point is > 1,800°C (rutile and anatase), the density of the rutile form is 4,200 kg/m 3 and the one of anatase is 3,900 kg/m 3. The apparent density of both forms is 600 kg/m 3 . The dusting potential of the anatase form was determined in one batch using a modified Stauber-Heubach method being 150 g/kg. 22 22 Supplementary ...
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Effect of anatase & rutile TiO2 nanoparticles on bone ...
Email [email protected]. Purpose: To evaluate the effects of anatase and rutile TiO 2 nanoparticles (NPs) on the growth and development of bones in young rats and explore their possible mechanisms. Methods: Three-week-old male rats were orally administered anatase TiO 2 NPs and rutile …
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